Similar to 304, 316 stainless steel is a chromium-nickel stainless. Ft. That durability makes 304 easy to sanitize, and therefore ideal for kitchen and food applications. What distinguishes Type 316 from Type 304 is the addition of molybdenum up to a maximum of 3%. Machinability Ratings - Stainless. However, it is the most difficult to machine among the commonly used stainless steels. Download Download PDF. #1. Hence, specialized tools must be used to machine these alloys. The addition of this transition metal increases 316's corrosion resistance and also imparts high heat resistance of up to 1600F. 304 stainless steel contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel. It could be formed and machined. Difference Between 304 vs 316 Stainless Steel The main difference between 304 vs 316 stainless steel is that 304 does not contain molybdenum, while 316 contains 2-3% molybdenum. Applications of 303 Stainless Steel 303 &. Both grade 304 and 321 belong to the Austenitic 300 series stainless steel. Contact Now . This is due to the higher levels of nickel content contained within 316, as well as the presence of molybdenum. The molybdenum is added to help resist corrosion to chlorides (like sea water and de-icing salts). Conclusion Service tests are most reliable in deter-mining optimum material, and ASTM G4 is a recommended practice for carrying out such tests. % Relative Speed Based on B-1112 as 100% (165 SFM) 302 302/304 "B" 303 303 High Tensile 304 304 L 309 310 316 316 "B" 316 L 317-317 L 321 330 347 403 410 416 Ann 416 H.T. Martensitic stainless steel grades contain moderate levels of corrosion resistance, high hardenability and machinability, poor formability and can be welded with caution. 0.1-3mm dia sphere for example) can be attracted to powerful magnetic separators positioned in the product stream. This increase in molybdenum results in increased corrosion resistance. The addition of molybdenum provides pitting resistance in phosphoric acid, acetic acid and dilute chloride solutions and provides corrosion resistance in sulfurous acid. The key difference is the addition of molybdenum, an alloy which drastically enhances corrosion resistance, especially for more saline or chloride-exposed environments. 321H stainless steel is the low-carbon version of 321, is the commonly used heat resistant steel, of which carbon content is slightly higher than 321 grades. The molybdenum gives 316 better corrosion-resistant properties than 304 stainles s, notably higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments. Grade 304 Stainless Steel. While 316 comes in second in the quantities sold, it provides highly superior resistant oh corrosion to acids and chlorides. So, compared with level 304, type 303 is weakened to the resistance of corrosion. They can be heat-treated to provide a range of mechanical properties. You can expect to pay about 1.6 times more for 316 vs 304 SS. The 304 vs 316 stainless steel machinability is favorable for the 304 material. The real distinction in the stainless steel 316 vs 304 SS comparison is the presence of molybdenum (2-3%) alongside the other alloying elements such as carbon, manganese, and silicon. Type 304 stainless steel possesses excellent corrosion resistance and toughness but is subject to pitting in warm chloride-based atmospheres. The 316 stainless steel has 2-3% molybdenum added. Both types are non magnetic. Compared to 304, 316 contains a minimum of 16% chromium (Cr), 10% nickel (Ni) and 2% molybdenum (Mo). 316L stainless steel (UNS S31603) is the low carbon version of AISI 316. 316 stainless steel or 316 SS is the second most popular austenitic grade of stainless steel, and it comprises iron, 10-14% nickel, and 16-18% chromium. Following SAE 304, SAE 316 grade stainless steel is the second most common in commercial use today. 304 stainless steel does not. Cost: 304 stainless steel is usually available for a lower cost than 316 stainless steel. First, here is some backround info. Their formability, strength and machinability are different. Now to the question of 304 vs. 316 stainless steel; while both are good for corrosion resistance . It is made up of almost the same materials as 304 stainless steel and has almost the same physical and mechanical properties. The same as 304, stainless steel 316 also cannot be hardened by heat treatment. 316l stainless steel or officially known as Grade 316l has a lower carbon content compared to 316 stainless steel. Type 304 stainless doesn't harden with heat treatment and is not a free-cutting material, making it less than ideal for use in machining. These alloys if added in the proper amounts will improve machinability, Se; Selenium, S; Sulphur, and L; Lead. Per Min. Type 316 has one of the highest corrosion resistance among the stainless steel alloys. SS 316 Data Sheet & Specification Portfolio; Case Studies; Connect; Blog; 304 vs 316 Stainless Steel. It is known for being the most readily machinable grade of austenitic stainless steel. While grade 304 stainless steel only has trace amounts of it, AISI 316 has considerably more. This is another widely-used austenitic stainless steel alloy, and it is famous thanks to its durability, tensile strength, and resistance to oxidation and corrosion. The difference derives from molybdenum. Adding an additional 2-3% molybdenum can reduce this sensitivity, which gives birth to 316. 440c Stainless Steel Fasteners; CNC Machining Aluminium Parts . Check out our 304 product guide with more chemistry information and mechanical data. The low carbon content combined with high chromium/nickel/molybdenum amount results in soft material with high resistance to machining and a low machinability rating of 40%. These reasons serves differently in different applications. Properties of 316L Stainless Steel 302 stainless steel grade is higher version of the grade 304. This additive makes gives 316 very good heat and corrosion resistance. Any advice or input would be greatly appreciated! The cost of stainless steel is largely dependent on the alloys that are present in their composition. The main difference between 304 vs 316 stainless steel is that 304 does not contain molybdenum, while 316 contains 2-3% molybdenum and less chromium and more nickel. Grade 302 302/304 "B" 303 303 High Tensile 304 304 L 309 310 316 For these applications, Type 316 is the answer. It is easy to clean for strains. 304 is often seen in household and industrial applications like sinks, refrigerators, fasteners, pipes, heat exchangers, and structures in environments where carbon steels would rust. Posted by Max Gulden on Feb 16, 2017 4:02:00 PM Find me on: LinkedIn. Pros and Cons of 304 Stainless Steel. The melting point of grade 304 stainless steel is a bit higher than that of grade 316. Post-welding, 316 stainless steel parts require annealing to avoid corrosion. This grade was designed to exhibit good machinability while having improved mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. 316 stainless steel is a specialty product used for specific purposes and its manufacturing process is more complex, both of which increase its cost. On average, 316 stainless steel costs 20 - 30% more than 304 . 304 stainless steel vs 316 Cost. This helps resist corrosion to chlorides (like seawater and de-icing salts). For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 316 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 416 stainless steel. 304 can withstand corrosion from most oxidizing acids. 304 stainless steel is also celebrated for its excellent machinability and formability. Type 303 stainless is a free-cutting material, with the best machinability of any austenitic stainless steel. Save up to 60% on Select Carbon Steel Sheet/Plate Today! While there are no visible differences between 304 and 316 stainless steel, there are distinctive chemical differences - the most crucial difference being their chemical compositions. 304 is made up of 18% chromium, 316 contains 17% chromium. Stainless steel is touted for its resistance to corrosion and staining, and low Model: S0329-000x. In addition, these additional molybdenum can also reduce the corrosion of some thermal organic acids. Type 304 is more machinable than 316 stainless steel. And its machinability at least partially makes up for the difference. However, considering the price of replacing an entire process line, plus manufacturing downtime, these costs are insignificant. It offers the model corrosion resistance, strength, easy maintenance, and formability, for which stainless is known. 304 belongs to the Cr-Ni system, and 316 belongs to the Cr-Ni-Mo system. 302. Characteristics and uses. This alloy is suitable for applications that involve stamping, such as for sinks and saucepans. The first developed stainless steel is 304, which is sensitive to pitting corrosion under certain circumstances. The various other elements present though have an impact on the . Type 316 stainless steel in an environment of 25% phosphoric acid, and Figure 3 shows effects of temperature on Types 304 and 316 in very concentrated sulfuric acid. Type 316 has lower formability than 303 or 304 stainless steels, but its higher resistances make it more expensive to source. 302 stainless steel grade is manufactured with high heat working and cold . This is a little tid-bit I found about the 6-4 Grade 5 titanium I found locally: Ti-6AL-4V (or Ti 6-4), this designation refers to its chemical composition of almost 90% titanium, 6% aluminum, 4% vanadium, 0.25% (max) iron and 0.2% (max) oxygen. They have 81% of their average alloy composition in common. In general, austenitic stainless steels tend to have difficult machining behavior. When welding austenitic stainless steels, grades such as 304L or 347 should be used. Here are a few resources for more guidance on stainless steel grades: 304 vs. 316 stainless steel tubing; 316 vs. 316L stainless steel; Stainless steel vs. carbon steel tubing; Cost of stainless steel tubing vs. aluminum tubing ; Either way, always know your metal! Per Min. 304 stainless steel is the most widely used stainless and heat-resistant steel, which is used in food equipment, general chemical equipment, atomic energy industry and so on. However, like 18-8 grade stainless steel it . The melting point of 304 stainless steel is higher than its 316 stainless steel counterpart, ranging between 2,550 - 2,650 F or 1399 - 1454 C. The main difference between 316 and 304 stainless steel is that 316 contains an increased amount of molybdenum [4]. It is mainly used for pitting resistant materials. Not only is grade 304 steel easier to machine but it is easier to clean. They are similar in corrosion resistance, strength, hardness and welding performance, but 321 is mostly used in the heat resistance condition of 500-600 . The simple answer is 304 contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel while 316 contains 16% chromium, 10% nickel and 2% molybdenum. This low carbon content reduces the effect of carbide precipitation during sheet metal fabrication processes such as welding. The main difference between 304 and 316 is that 316 contains a significant content of molybdenum (Mo). In contrast, 316 stainless steel contains 16% chromium, 10% nickel, and 2% molybdenum. It has a machinability level of 150 and a baseline machinability level of 100. This means that SS 316 is more suitable for making products subjected to more force than SS 304. The two most common grades are 304 and 316. That is also why it is used on surfaces that are visible to the public. AISI 304 . This gives the 316 steel much more corrosion resistance against chloride solutions such as those found in heavy-duty industrial processing environments and chemical solvents. The part requires more forming or machining operations. In general, stainless steel naturally resistant to corrosion. Both 304 and 316 stainless steel possesses paramagnetic characteristics. Use 316 When: You are in a marine or corrosive environment. Austenitic Stainless is non-magnetic and non-hardenable. SS 316 is better than SS 304 in terms of corrosion resistance, heat resistance and certain properties, but the price is higher than AISI 304, for more details, please check stainless steel grade 304 vs 316, and 316 vs 316L. Addition of molybdenum increases corrosion resistance of 316 stainless steel, especially against pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments. The biggest difference between the grades is molybdenum is added to Type 316 to increase corrosion and pitting resistance. 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